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It carries the loads from above to the floor joists below. Sheathing: Floor sheathing, commonly known as the sub-floor, is a structural panel that is fastened to the floor structure.There are a number of configurations a truss can take, but it essentially forms a stable “web” to support the floor and resists bouncing. Truss: A floor truss consists of 2×4 or 2×3 lumber connected with metal plates.Floor joists are covered with subflooring (usually made of plywood). They make up the support for the floor of the home and the platform that the wall panels will attach to. Joists: These are horizontal framing components that run the length of the floor.Here are common framing elements you will use in each part of the house: Floor
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Learn everything you need to know about reading blueprints in MT Copeland’s online class, taught by professional builder and craftsman Jordan Smith. Since builders erect the next floor right on a platform, they are building on a solid work surface-a safer environment, with high structural integrity.įraming is one of the myriad aspects of construction that are captured in a set of blueprints.The breaks in the studs from level to level create natural firebreaks.Platform framing uses shorter pieces of lumber than previous techniques, like balloon framing, which is an advantage because longer studs are more difficult to obtain and more expensive.This method can be used for one- or two-story houses, and has become the standard among contemporary homebuilders because: Each story is then framed on top of the next, and the roof rests on top of the construction. The most common framing technique in modern residential construction is platform framing, in which each story is framed on top of the previous one.īuilders will frame in one-story platforms of typically eight- or nine-foot-high stud walls resting on a subfloor-the platform. The problem with using uninterrupted studs is the fire hazard: without breaks in the studs, a fire that starts low in the house can quickly shoot up to the top, razing the structure to the ground. In balloon framing, a single stud could run up to 30 feet. This method involves using long, vertical 2x4s as studs, which extend from the sill on top of the foundation up to the roof, and which are secured by nails, rather than pegs. In the 1830s, balloon framing became popular. This framing method fell out of fashion because timbers were hand-hewn, and the advent of machine-sawn lumber allowed builders to construct homes more quickly with standard-sized (dimensional) lumber. In timber framing, builders work with natural logs and trees, rather than lumber pre-cut to common dimensions (like 2x4s). Timber framing, which involves fitting together large posts and beams and connecting them with wooden pegs, was popular in the 18th and 19th centuries. Framing: a quick history lesson Timber framing